An understanding of engineering concepts is an essential part of the qualifications for any inspector. In the United States, the responsible agencies for developing BMSs are the FHWA, AASHTO, and each state.
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The two highway bridge management systems deal with management of bridges on state and interstate highways. Phase 2 required a microcomputer tool that any state could use to manage their bridge inventory. Phase 1 called for a review of existing state Bridge Management System (BMS) practices for systematic inspection method of bridge analysis and rating. In 1985 FHWA initiated a two-phase demonstration project. Federal funding for stats infrastructure projects has increased in recent years. In 1998, the Transportation Equity Act allocated over 200 billion dollars for resurfacing, restoring, and rehabilitating various programs every 6 years.
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Both structural expertise and major funding would be necessary to meet the objectives. Transportation Equity Act: The design and construction of a new bridge or replacement are additional tasks outside the scope of the management system and are not part of rehabilitation or retrofit.
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In practice, typically a number of software applications are utilized to provide the manager with information to further process and make decisions based on engineering judgment.
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Paraphrasing the FHWA report, Bridge Management Systems, a BMS is a system or series of engineering and management functions which, taken together, comprise the actions necessary to administrate resources to maintain an inventory of bridges in operation. Although software is required to handle the large amounts of data involved in making decisions for inventories of bridges numbering in the thousand, the software is only a tool. In contemporary discussions, BMS is often conflated with software.
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By the 1980s there was significant interest at the state and federal levels in developing efficient and effective bridge management systems (BMS). Over several decades, this scale of this activity has increased from managing a few bridges with local labor to making decisions on the state and federal level considering and comparing thousands of bridges at a time. The simplest definition for bridge management is that it is the activity of administrating resources to maintain operational bridges. Schrock, in Highway Bridge Maintenance Planning and Scheduling, 2016 7.1.2 Definition of Bridge Management